Microsoft Test Manager stuck in "waiting for test controller" state

This post details troubleshooting steps for Microsoft Test Manager when it gets stuck in a "waiting for test controller" state. It provides a by-design resolution (clicking refresh) and then outlines action plans for more persistent issues, including enabling MTM and Test Controller tracing, reviewing logs, checking service account permissions on build drop locations, ensuring controllers and agents are ready, and adding executables to firewall exceptions. It also mentions the need for "view test run" permission on the team project.