How multi-node inference works for massive LLMs like DeepSeek-R1

This post details the technical challenges and solutions for multi-node inference of massive LLMs like DeepSeek-R1. It covers infrastructure aspects such as inter-node communication using high-bandwidth interconnects like InfiniBand, and model performance optimizations including tensor parallelism and expert parallelism for Mixture of Experts (MoE) models. The post explains how to overcome VRAM limitations by distributing model weights and experts across multiple GPUs and nodes to achieve low-latency, high-throughput inference.